Kyu Tae Park1P, Yeon Sik Choo2

1Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea; 2Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

Freshwater biological resources are important for advancing the bioindustry, and genetic information is essential for their effective utilization. We applied genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to Persicaria thunbergii to investigate population genetic diversity and structure and to develop population-discriminatory genetic markers. Five populations (AD, GR, YS, JJ, and UL) were analyzed using genome-wide variants, and population structure was assessed using AMOVA, pairwise FST, PCA, and STRUCTURE. Observed heterozygosity was highest in YS (0.0616) and lowest in JJ (0.0468), while expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0597 in UL to 0.2034 in YS. All populations showed positive FIS values, indicating heterozygote deficiency. AMOVA revealed nearly equal genetic variation among populations (49.98%) and within populations (50.02%). Pairwise FST indicated strong differentiation of UL, whereas the remaining populations showed moderate differentiation (0.3-0.4). PCA and STRUCTURE analyses separated UL and JJ from other populations and revealed admixture among AD, GR, and YS. From the GBS data, indel regions were extracted and 30 homozygous markers were selected, enabling population identification and genetic authentication of freshwater plant bioresources